美術解剖学会について

美術解剖学会は1994年7月に、東京芸術大学の美術解剖学研究室を母体として若い研究者の研鑽の場として発足しました。
　本学会では、美術解剖学専門領域の研究者のほか、芸術（美術）と科学（解剖学）等の研究者らが集い、美術制作からの研究や解剖学からの研究を相互に交流し深めることで、その根幹にある人のかたちや、多様な形態研究とそれらのもつ美について、理論的、実践的に研究することを目的としています。
　本会の事業は、年一回の学会誌『美術解剖学雑誌』の発刊と研究大会の開催を行っています。
　『美術解剖学雑誌』は、会員の投稿による研究発表の場として創刊されました。編集方針として、これからの美術解剖学研究に相応しい内容のものを常に志向してゆくことを心がけております。
　また、美術解剖学会大会は、会員の方々からの応募による研究発表を行うとともに、会員相互の情報交換をはかり、共同研究や発展的研究ができる場として開催しております。
　美術解剖学会事務局は東京芸術大学大学院美術教育（美術解剖学II）研究室にありますが、美術解剖学領域以外の方々にも広く門戸を開いております。美術の実技と理論の関係諸領域、解剖学とその関係諸領域をはじめとする幅広い分野の研究者の方々にご参加いただけることを願っております。

美術解剖学研究について

　美術解剖学 (Artistic anatomy) の概念の発祥は、人体の内部構造と外形との関係を解剖を通して考察し、その観察から得た成果を彫刻、絵画などの造形美術に生かした、1６世紀のヨーロッパルネサンスにまで遡ります。レオナルド・ダ・ヴィンチやミケランジェロ、ラファエロらが、自身の解剖経験やそこから得た知識を、人物像や騎馬像を造形する基礎としていたことはよく知られています。その後、美術家のための解剖学は、美術に携わる人々にとっての必須の科目、藝用解剖学 (Anatomy for Artists) として美術学校などで教授されるようになりました。

　我が国における美術解剖学の教育・研究は、明治22年（1889）森鴎外による東京美術学校の講義に始まります。昭和38年（1963）東京芸術大学美術研究科美術解剖学研究領域の設置によって美術での教育・研究の一分野として位置づけられました。平成19年（2007年）に美術解剖学研究室は、芸術学（美術解剖学I）と美術教育（美術解剖学II）に分離され、現在に至っています。 　
　人体をよく見る、よく観察することによって、解剖から得られた知識に匹敵するような優れた洞察眼をもつに至った天才もいました。しかし多くの場合、人体を描くときに外から見えるかたちを闇雲になぞっていても、生き生きとした躍動感ある表現に繋がらず、もどかしいと感じることはよくあることでしょう。骨格や筋、皮膚や皮下組織など内部構造と外形との関係がわかることによって、対象をつかむ眼差しは一層深くなります。

　今日の美術解剖学は、このような骨格、筋の運動機構を中心とした内部構造と外形との関係、動きにともなうかたちの変化、比較解剖学、発生学からのかたちの由来を学ぶ芸用解剖学を教育的側面としてもっています。同時に、研究分野としての広がりが加わりました。芸術表現として人のすがたがもつ美しさや、生物のかたちがもつ意味を考察すること、人体とかかわるものの関係を研究する応用解剖学的研究もあります。人間、そして人体に関わる関連諸学との有機的な関わりの中で、美術解剖学の研究範囲は広範なものとなっています。

　今日の美術解剖学は、かつて藝用解剖学と言われていた、造形のための解剖学であることに加えて、これらの研究を通して人間と美術とのかかわりを考える幅広い視野を有する分野へと発展しています。

The Japanese Society of Artistic Anatomy
The Japanese Society of Artistic Anatomy was founded in July 1994 at the Department of Artistic Anatomy, Faculty of Fine Arts, Tokyo University of the Arts, as a place for younger researchers to develop their interests and studies of art and anatomy. The aim of the society is to bring together researchers in the fields of art and anatomical science for the purposes of interacting through art per se and research in the fine arts and anatomical studies, and of developing theoretical and practical foundations for research into the human figure and its inherent beauty.
The society annually publishes “The Journal of Artistic Anatomy” which was started as an outlet for members to present their research. The journal through the editorial board aims to reflect future developments and directions of artistic anatomical studies. The society also annually organizes a variety of events for members, including lectures, meetings and general conferences. The conferences provide a venue for members to present their research, exchange information, discuss mutual interests and develop collaborative research activities. The society provides a network for members and is open to researchers in fields related to practical and theoretical studies of art, and basic and applied anatomical sciences. The administrative office of the society is housed in Department of Artistic Anatomy II, the Graduate School of Fine Arts, Tokyo University of Arts.

Study of Artistic Anatomy
The study of artistic anatomy began in the 16th century during the Renaissance era in Europe when the exterior form of the human body and specific anatomical structures were analyzed through dissection and the findings were integrated into figurative art as in sculpture and painting. It is well known that Leonardo Da Vinci, Michelangelo and Raphael used knowledge gained from personal experiences with anatomical dissection as a base for their creations of statues of people in a variety of postures and activities. Artistic anatomy would later be taught in schools of art as a compulsory subject: “Anatomy for Artists”. In 1889 Medical doctor ?gai Mori who was also a novelist and poet, gave a lecture at the Tokyo Fine Arts School (the former Tokyo University of the Arts). This marked the beginning of the study and research of artistic anatomy in Japan.
It is difficult to capture the vibrant spirit of the human body on paper, although the visible exterior lines of the body are routinely sketched. By understanding the relationship between the internal structures of the human body such as the bones, muscles, joints and different systems, on one hand, and the external shapes of the body, on the other hand, perceptions of the model will be expanded and strengthened. Educational subjects of the artistic anatomy presently include relationships between internal structures and external shapes of the body, shape changes associated with movement, and the origin of body morphology through comparative embryology and anatomy. The field has expanded to include the beauty of the human body through artistic expression, meanings of the shapes of living organisms, and relationships between body structure and environments of man – the natural, the man-made and social environments. Artistic Anatomy was initially described as anatomical study for figure design. However, through advances in artistic and anatomical research, a new field emerged. It provides a broader perspective for the study of relationships between people and fine art. A field predominantly designed for artists is now expanding into more diverse research areas and endeavors. Evolving beyond its original base, “Artistic Anatomy” is now attracts members from a wide spectrum of interests and expertise, such as anthropology, dentistry, plastic surgery, fashion design, human engineering, facial studies, kinesiology and studies of physical beauty.
With the opening of the Graduate School of Fine Arts at the Tokyo University of the Arts in 1963, Art Study (Department of Artistic Anatomy I) was the Research Centre for the Artistic Anatomy. Since 2007, the Research Centre has moved from Art Study (Department of Artistic Anatomy I) to Fine Art Studies (Department of Artistic Anatomy II).

Journal of Artistic Anatomy
The Journal of Artistic Anatomy (Vol. 16 No.1) was published on December 28, 2012. The issue featured two special lectures on the “Relationship between Science and Fine Art”; the lecture were well-received and very successful at the conference in 2011. The editorial process is under way for the next issue (Vol. 17 No.1) which will be published in August 2013. The Journal is now open for submissions for Vol. 18 No.1. Categories of submissions include original articles, research notes, creative reports, systematic reviews, essays, letters, etc. Inquiries regarding proposed paper topics or actual paper submissions should be addressed to the journal editorial committee directly or on line (http://www.geidai.ac.jp/soc/saa/about.html).

Join the Society of Artistic Anatomy
The Japanese Society of Artistic Anatomy is an academic society for individuals who have an interest in the study of artistic anatomy. There are three categories of memberships: regular members, student members (who are required to present a valid student ID), and supporting members (individuals, organizations or institutions who have been acknowledged by the board of the Society). There is no fee to join the Society. The annual membership fee is as follows: